帕金森病临床症状：

运动症状：①静止性震颤②肌强直③运动迟缓：随意运动减少，动作缓慢、笨拙。④姿势步态障碍：上肢摆臂幅度减小或消失，下肢拖曳。

非运动症状：①感觉障碍：嗅觉减退或睡眠障碍，尤其是快速眼动期睡眠行为异常，中晚期常有肢体麻木、疼痛。有些患者可伴有不安腿综合征。②自主神经功能障碍，如便秘、多汗、溢脂性皮炎等，后期也可以出现性功能减退、排尿障碍或体位性性低血压。③精神和认知障碍：近半数患者伴有抑郁，并常伴有焦虑。

治疗原则：

①综合治疗②用药原则：以达到有效改善症状，提高工作能力和生活质量为目标。提倡早期诊断、早期治疗，不仅可以更好的改善症状，而且尽可能达到延缓疾病的发展。坚持“计量滴定”以避免产生药物急性副作用。

常用药物：

①抗胆碱能药：如苯海索②金刚烷胺③复方左旋多巴④DR激动剂⑤MAO-B抑制剂：如司来吉兰⑥COMT抑制剂：恩他卡朋

Clinical symptoms of Parkinson's disease:

Motor symptoms: ① static tremor ② muscle rigidity ③ slow movement: reduced voluntary movement, slow and clumsy movements. ④ Posture and gait disorder: the arm swing of the upper limbs decreases or disappears, and the lower limbs drag.

Non-motor symptoms: ① Sensory disturbances: hypoosmia or sleep disturbances, especially abnormal sleep behavior during the rapid eye movement period, and often numbness and pain in the limbs in the middle and late stages. Some patients may be accompanied by restless legs syndrome. ② Autonomic nerve dysfunction, such as constipation, hyperhidrosis, seborrheic dermatitis, etc., sexual dysfunction, urinary dysfunction, or orthostatic hypotension may also occur in the later stage. ③ Mental and cognitive disorders: Nearly half of patients are accompanied by depression and often anxiety.

Treatment principles:

①Comprehensive treatment ②Principle of medication: to effectively improve symptoms, improve work ability and quality of life as the goal. Advocating early diagnosis and early treatment can not only better improve symptoms, but also delay the development of the disease as much as possible. Adhere to "metered titration" to avoid acute side effects of the drug.

Commonly used drugs:

①Anticholinergic drugs: such as trihexyphenidamine ②amantadine ③compound levodopa ④DR agonist ⑤MAO-B inhibitor: such as selegiline ⑥COMT inhibitor: entacapone